Do not be confused or worried about the generic requirements of this project: This is your CAPSTONE paper, not your first homework assignment. You’ve written research papers before. For those of you who want generic requirements, here they are: Your paper should be 8-16 pages of analysis. You may insert your images in your text–as you analyze them. (You could also collect your images in an appendix at the end of your paper. But you must use MLA or APA style to embed your images.) You should give your paper a title and write your name on it. You should submit in the Canvas gradebook link–as a Word or PDF document. You should use 12-point, Times New Roman font. You should revise and edit–writing matters, of course. You should use either MLA or APA documentation style. Of course you must cite the relevant authorities. Your analysis can be no better than the materials that you’ve read. You should use our shared readings when you can and when they are relevant. You should have found some great materials on your own, too. If you are writing about images of war or love or technology, then you should know some of the great analysis of such photographs that came before you. If you are writing about images of relationships, then you should know how to adapt some great analysis of images of places to improve your analysis of images of relationships. If you are going to use our shared, required readings, make sure you use them well. Don’t dump in terms and concepts that you don’t understand. (This is not a “cut and paste,” “connect the dots,” or “paint by numbers” task: It is YOUR Capstone Project.) You chose the images, connect them, make them talk to us. It must be YOUR analysis! Our required readings offer the examples of and standards for what you might do as a final project: Berger analyzed the August Sander photograph of the men in suits; he used his analysis to recontextualize the photograph and, thus, achieve an ‘alternative photography’ Sontag analyzed Diane Arbus’s oeuvre and offered general, brilliant insight into the nature of photography itself Barrett offered a simple method of considering the contexts and genres that frame photographs In ‘The Rhetoric of the Image,’ Barthes teaches about the cultural codes and linguistic messages that ‘frame’ a photograph Group mu showed us how plastic elements combine to form iconic elements from which the rhetoric of the image arises Maynard teaches how technology works in the human experience: he treats photography as an extension of our ability to detect and imagine. Elkins says that every photograph spawns an imagination of the body Kress and Van Leeuwen begin to lay out a ‘grammar’ of the photograph In Camera Lucida, moves past the cultural codes of studium to the fact that something that was there but isn’t anymore, the ‘that-has-been’ … He finds the noeme of photography in this phenomenon Purchase answer to see full attachment Explanation & Answer: 16 Pages Tags: picture photograph August Sander User generated content is uploaded by users for the purposes of learning and should be used following our company’shonor code & terms of service.

MLA In-Text Citations: The Basics

Guidelines for referring to the works of others in your text using MLA style are covered throughout the MLA Handbook and in chapter 7 of the MLA Style Manual. Both books provide extensive examples, so it’s a good idea to consult them if you want to become even more familiar with MLA guidelines or if you have a particular reference question.

BASIC IN-TEXT CITATION RULES

In MLA Style, referring to the works of others in your text is done using parenthetical citations. This method involves providing relevant source information in parentheses whenever a sentence uses a quotation or paraphrase. Usually, the simplest way to do this is to put all of the source information in parentheses at the end of the sentence (i.e., just before the period). However, as the examples below will illustrate, there are situations where it makes sense to put the parenthetical elsewhere in the sentence, or even to leave information out.

General Guidelines

• The source information required in a parenthetical citation depends (1) upon the source medium (e.g. print, web, DVD) and (2) upon the source’s entry on the Works Cited page.
• Any source information that you provide in-text must correspond to the source information on the Works Cited page. More specifically, whatever signal word or phrase you provide to your readers in the text must be the first thing that appears on the left-hand margin of the corresponding entry on the Works Cited page.

IN-TEXT CITATIONS: AUTHOR-PAGE STYLE

MLA format follows the author-page method of in-text citation. This means that the author’s last name and the page number(s) from which the quotation or paraphrase is taken must appear in the text, and a complete reference should appear on your Works Cited page. The author’s name may appear either in the sentence itself or in parentheses following the quotation or paraphrase, but the page number(s) should always appear in the parentheses, not in the text of your sentence. For example:

Wordsworth stated that Romantic poetry was marked by a “spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings” (263).

Romantic poetry is characterized by the “spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings” (Wordsworth 263).

Wordsworth extensively explored the role of emotion in the creative process (263).

Both citations in the examples above, (263) and (Wordsworth 263), tell readers that the information in the sentence can be located on page 263 of a work by an author named Wordsworth. If readers want more information about this source, they can turn to the Works Cited page, where, under the name of Wordsworth, they would find the following information:

Wordsworth, William. Lyrical Ballads. Oxford UP, 1967.

IN-TEXT CITATIONS FOR PRINT SOURCES WITH KNOWN AUTHOR

For print sources like books, magazines, scholarly journal articles, and newspapers, provide a signal word or phrase (usually the author’s last name) and a page number. If you provide the signal word/phrase in the sentence, you do not need to include it in the parenthetical citation.

Human beings have been described by Kenneth Burke as “symbol-using animals” (3).

Human beings have been described as “symbol-using animals” (Burke 3).

These examples must correspond to an entry that begins with Burke, which will be the first thing that appears on the left-hand margin of an entry on the Works Cited page:

Burke, Kenneth. Language as Symbolic Action: Essays on Life, Literature, and Method. University of California Press, 1966.