Must be familiar with Persuasive Communication concepts!!! Health Belief Model At least 400 words, double spaced Each reading reflection must include three components (organized in three separate paragraphs): A description of at least three key concepts, ideas, and/or insights in the readings; Your thoughts about their relevance or implications regarding the potential of persuasion to influence people’s attitudes or behavior (you can simply give an example or two of how these ideas or principles work, or not, in reality); and A question you have about the topic that was not answered satisfactorily in the readings (i.e., ‘I’d be curious to know’ type of question) or a concept that you did not fully grasp and for which you’d like further clarification. NOTICE This material may be protected by Copyright Law (Title 17 U.S. code) [student name removed] Item 4 Rhodes’ (2012) chapter on ‘Outcomes of Persuasion: Behavioral, Cognitive, and Social’ discusses the roles of behavior, attitudes, and norms in the persuasive process. Changes in behavior are the keys to understanding the effectiveness of persuasive messages. However, they are difficult to measure directly. One approach to address this problem is to look to proxiessuch as aggregated behavior, behavioral intention, behavioral willingness, and self-report. Meanwhile, another approach is to totally bypass behavior measurement and instead study persuasion’s effect on attitudes and norms by analyzing accessibility and performing explicit or implicit tests. Research shows that attitudes and norms that are more accessible will more greatly influence how people perceive and understand social situations, and in turn, how they behave in those situations– especially when spontaneous decision making is at play. The reason being, according to Fazio’s process model, is that when people are not highly motivated and do not have sufficient opportunity to carefully consider all of the available information, they will look to attitudes and norms that are quickly activated in their minds. Hence, accessibility canbe measured by testing reaction times. Furthermore, research demonstrates that implicit attitude measures are mostly predictive of deliberative behaviors, while explicit attitude measures are more likely to predict spontaneous behaviors. Overall, understanding how to measure the different outcomes of persuasion is useful in informing persuaders of how to better assess the effectiveness of their persuasive messages depending on their goals. That way, if they find that they are successful, they can continue doing what they’re doing. Or, if they find that they are lacking in a particular area, they can know to pivot and use a different approach. For example, if the goal of the persuasive message is to encourage individuals to floss their teeth at least once a day, and everyday routines are likely to involve spontaneous rather than deliberative decisions, it would be best to use implicit measures of attitudes or test reaction times to measure success. Ultimately, as a person is exposed to persuasive information about flossing, the accessibility of their attitudes and norms and any resulting behavior are not only outcomes for each encounter, but also serve as inputs the next time that persuasive information comes up again in their environment. It’s a never-ending cycle of exposure, attention, action, and reinforcement. Rhodes mentions that the influence of norms has only been explicitly tested in Fazio’s process model. How might we go about implicitly testing norms? What implications might thishave for understanding the different outcomes/inputs of persuasion? Also, I’d be curious to know how persuaders factor norms and attitudes into their audience analysis. Purchase answer to see full attachment Explanation & Answer: 400 words Tags: health business patient User generated content is uploaded by users for the purposes of learning and should be used following our company’shonor code & terms of service.

MLA In-Text Citations: The Basics

Guidelines for referring to the works of others in your text using MLA style are covered throughout the MLA Handbook and in chapter 7 of the MLA Style Manual. Both books provide extensive examples, so it’s a good idea to consult them if you want to become even more familiar with MLA guidelines or if you have a particular reference question.

BASIC IN-TEXT CITATION RULES

In MLA Style, referring to the works of others in your text is done using parenthetical citations. This method involves providing relevant source information in parentheses whenever a sentence uses a quotation or paraphrase. Usually, the simplest way to do this is to put all of the source information in parentheses at the end of the sentence (i.e., just before the period). However, as the examples below will illustrate, there are situations where it makes sense to put the parenthetical elsewhere in the sentence, or even to leave information out.

General Guidelines

• The source information required in a parenthetical citation depends (1) upon the source medium (e.g. print, web, DVD) and (2) upon the source’s entry on the Works Cited page.
• Any source information that you provide in-text must correspond to the source information on the Works Cited page. More specifically, whatever signal word or phrase you provide to your readers in the text must be the first thing that appears on the left-hand margin of the corresponding entry on the Works Cited page.

IN-TEXT CITATIONS: AUTHOR-PAGE STYLE

MLA format follows the author-page method of in-text citation. This means that the author’s last name and the page number(s) from which the quotation or paraphrase is taken must appear in the text, and a complete reference should appear on your Works Cited page. The author’s name may appear either in the sentence itself or in parentheses following the quotation or paraphrase, but the page number(s) should always appear in the parentheses, not in the text of your sentence. For example:

Wordsworth stated that Romantic poetry was marked by a “spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings” (263).

Romantic poetry is characterized by the “spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings” (Wordsworth 263).

Wordsworth extensively explored the role of emotion in the creative process (263).

Both citations in the examples above, (263) and (Wordsworth 263), tell readers that the information in the sentence can be located on page 263 of a work by an author named Wordsworth. If readers want more information about this source, they can turn to the Works Cited page, where, under the name of Wordsworth, they would find the following information:

Wordsworth, William. Lyrical Ballads. Oxford UP, 1967.

IN-TEXT CITATIONS FOR PRINT SOURCES WITH KNOWN AUTHOR

For print sources like books, magazines, scholarly journal articles, and newspapers, provide a signal word or phrase (usually the author’s last name) and a page number. If you provide the signal word/phrase in the sentence, you do not need to include it in the parenthetical citation.

Human beings have been described by Kenneth Burke as “symbol-using animals” (3).

Human beings have been described as “symbol-using animals” (Burke 3).

These examples must correspond to an entry that begins with Burke, which will be the first thing that appears on the left-hand margin of an entry on the Works Cited page:

Burke, Kenneth. Language as Symbolic Action: Essays on Life, Literature, and Method. University of California Press, 1966.