research paper  Research Paper Outline Andrea Verde Mrs. Alberty N3 02-24-2022 Research Topic Intro. The Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) I chose to do my research paper on is Premarin (conjugated estrogen) and Black Cohosh. Firstly, in this research paper I will be discussing what is menopause, why it occurs, how its typically treated and lifestyle changes. Also, what affects menopause and hormone therapy have on the female heart. What complementary and alternative medicine is. Along with some of the reasons why people (women in this case) prefer CAM over traditional prescription drugs for treatment of menopause. I will be discussing what hormone replacement therapy is and elaborate on the use of Premarin vs Black Cohosh as HRT. I will also be discussing the side effects, adverse effects, and drug interactions along with the body systems that become affected as a result of using these drugs. What is Premarin • Premarin is a hormone replacement therapy drug (HRT) it is used to treat low or depleted hormones such as estrogen related to menopause. Effects on the body • Premarin helps to relief symptoms of hot flashes, vaginal dryness and sweating brought on by menopause, prevention of osteoporosis and severe acne, it is also us to slow the disease progression and minimize discomforts in certain types of breast cancers. What is Black Cohosh • Black Cohosh is an over-the-counter herbal supplement that is thought to have estrogen like effect by suppressing the release of luteinizing hormone. Effects on the body • Black Cohosh is used to relief symptoms of premenstrual syndrome, dysmenorrhea and menopause. It is not recommended for use longer than 6 months due to the effects of uterine relaxation. Compare • Premarin and Black Cohosh are both a type of drug that can be used to treat symptoms of menopause in women. Contrast • Premarin is a prescription drug while you can purchase Black Cohosh OTC The side effects of Premarin are; upset stomach, nausea, vomiting, breast tenderness, adverse effects include; headache, insomnia, emotional liability, weight gain, edema. The side effects of Black Cohosh are digestive upset, nausea, muscle pain, breast tenderness. Adverse effects listed as rare was upset stomach. Unlike Premarin Black Cohosh should not be used for longer than a 6-month period. Articles to be used Rxlist.com 3-23-2021 What is Premarin and Premarin side effects From: https://www.rxlist.com/premarin-side-effects-drug-center.htm#overview RxList is an online medical resource offering detailed and current pharmaceutical information on brand and generic drugs. Medication information can be found on all medications using their A-Z list. Medications can be searched under brand or generic names. They also offer pill identification services. I will use information from this article to explaining what Premarin is, the side effects, adverse effects, recommended dosage, drug on drug interaction, and effects of using Premarin during breastfeeding and pregnancy. National Institute of Health 6-3-2020 Benefits of Black Cohosh From: https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/BlackCohosh-HealthProfessional National Institute of Health is an online resource that was created by the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994. The Federal Working Group on Dietary Supplement consists of representatives from federal agencies that share information and discuss issues and research related to dietary supplements. I will use information from this article to explain what Black Cohosh is, where it originates from, its different forms, the efficacy of Black Cohosh for the treatment of menopausal symptoms, side effects, adverse effects and drug interactions. Cancer Research UK 2-26-2018 What is Complementary and Alternative Medicine From: https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/cancer-ingeneral/treatment/complementary-alternative-therapies/about/difference-between-therapies Cancer Research UK is an online site that provides information about cancer, cancer treatments and alternative therapies. The website provides up to date information and resource to assist individuals with common questions and concerns about their cancer health. I will use information from this article this to provide an explanation of what complementary and alternative medicine is, who uses CAM, why people decide to use CAM vs prescription drugs and physician’s viewpoints regarding patient’s use of CAM. Mayo Clinic 2-20-2021 Menopause Hormone Therapy and your Heart From: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/menopause/in-depth/hormonereplacement-therapy/art-20047550 Mayo Clinic is a nonprofit organization with an online site that provides information about medication, health, education and research. I will use the information from this source to provide an explanation in the relationship between menopause, HRT, its effects on the heart (heart disease) and risk factors. Healthline 1-13-2020 Everything you should know about menopause From: https://www.healthline.com/health/menopause Healthline is an online site that provides information about physical and emotional well-being. They state to support and guide people who have health questions. They offered reviews from personal and experts experiences. I will use the information from this source to provide an explanation about what menopause is, why it occurs, signs and symptoms, how its treated, and life style changes. • it is though that these agents have effects by suppressing release of luteinizing hormone and by binding to estrogen receptors in peripheral tissue Purchase answer to see full attachment Explanation & Answer: 5 pages Tags: communications menopause complementary and alternative medicine User generated content is uploaded by users for the purposes of learning and should be used following our company’shonor code & terms of service.

MLA In-Text Citations: The Basics

Guidelines for referring to the works of others in your text using MLA style are covered throughout the MLA Handbook and in chapter 7 of the MLA Style Manual. Both books provide extensive examples, so it’s a good idea to consult them if you want to become even more familiar with MLA guidelines or if you have a particular reference question.

BASIC IN-TEXT CITATION RULES

In MLA Style, referring to the works of others in your text is done using parenthetical citations. This method involves providing relevant source information in parentheses whenever a sentence uses a quotation or paraphrase. Usually, the simplest way to do this is to put all of the source information in parentheses at the end of the sentence (i.e., just before the period). However, as the examples below will illustrate, there are situations where it makes sense to put the parenthetical elsewhere in the sentence, or even to leave information out.

General Guidelines

• The source information required in a parenthetical citation depends (1) upon the source medium (e.g. print, web, DVD) and (2) upon the source’s entry on the Works Cited page.
• Any source information that you provide in-text must correspond to the source information on the Works Cited page. More specifically, whatever signal word or phrase you provide to your readers in the text must be the first thing that appears on the left-hand margin of the corresponding entry on the Works Cited page.

IN-TEXT CITATIONS: AUTHOR-PAGE STYLE

MLA format follows the author-page method of in-text citation. This means that the author’s last name and the page number(s) from which the quotation or paraphrase is taken must appear in the text, and a complete reference should appear on your Works Cited page. The author’s name may appear either in the sentence itself or in parentheses following the quotation or paraphrase, but the page number(s) should always appear in the parentheses, not in the text of your sentence. For example:

Wordsworth stated that Romantic poetry was marked by a “spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings” (263).

Romantic poetry is characterized by the “spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings” (Wordsworth 263).

Wordsworth extensively explored the role of emotion in the creative process (263).

Both citations in the examples above, (263) and (Wordsworth 263), tell readers that the information in the sentence can be located on page 263 of a work by an author named Wordsworth. If readers want more information about this source, they can turn to the Works Cited page, where, under the name of Wordsworth, they would find the following information:

Wordsworth, William. Lyrical Ballads. Oxford UP, 1967.

IN-TEXT CITATIONS FOR PRINT SOURCES WITH KNOWN AUTHOR

For print sources like books, magazines, scholarly journal articles, and newspapers, provide a signal word or phrase (usually the author’s last name) and a page number. If you provide the signal word/phrase in the sentence, you do not need to include it in the parenthetical citation.

Human beings have been described by Kenneth Burke as “symbol-using animals” (3).

Human beings have been described as “symbol-using animals” (Burke 3).

These examples must correspond to an entry that begins with Burke, which will be the first thing that appears on the left-hand margin of an entry on the Works Cited page:

Burke, Kenneth. Language as Symbolic Action: Essays on Life, Literature, and Method. University of California Press, 1966.