Read Thinning Diet Industry case study and chapter 16, Ethics of persuasion, from our textbook. Answer the questions below by yourself. Next, work with a partner to reach agreement on those questions, using examples from the case and theoretical approaches to ethics/concepts to support your position. Finally, write up your final answers (consensus) and explain whether it was hard to reach the agreement and why (1-2 pages). Only one person submits the assignment on Thursday, April 8 through Self-Assign on huskyct by 11:59pm. The paper should follow APA* style of formatting, including the title page with a title in bold, your names, course and section #, university’s name, professor’s name and due date, References, and in-text citations. Do not use 1st person, since both of you are answering the questions. 1.Assume the role of the ‘weight counselor’ with a quick weight-loss program. The National Institute of Health (1993) concluded that ‘virtually all dieters regain 2/3 of their weight within a year and all of it within 5 years'(p.490). Given that finding, what would be an ethical way to sell your quick-weight loss product? Would focus on health foods, heart disease prevention, and exercise help to avoid unethical issues of rapid weight loss programs (such as health risks)? Explain your answer on the basis of any ethical approach mentioned in ch 16 (e.g., situational ethics, consequentialism, utilitarianism, free market ethics, etc). 2.Think about the ways to advertise quick weight-loss products. Is it ethical for the celebrity to promote a product about which they don’t have much expertise? Or which they don’t use themselves? Are the weight-loss ads misleading? Use evidence from the case and the textbook to support your position. *APA format for the Thinning Diet Case study: Jennings, M. (2006). Business Ethics. Case Studies and Selected Readings. (5th ed.). Mason, Ohio: Thomson/ South-Western. The Ethics of Persuasion Chapter 16 Ethics ? A study of moral conduct, value judgments on what is right or wrong Persuasion is unethical in most cases. A. Strongly Agree B. Moderately Agree C. Neutral D. Moderately Disagree E. Strongly Disagree ? Ethics of persuasion ? ? ? Persuasion cannot give answers to what is morally right or wrong Persuasion research is focused on the means Persuasion researchers are ethically responsible for the knowledge they uncover and pass along. Persuasion as a Tool ? ‘The means of persuasion themselves are ethically neutral’. (McCroskey, 1972) ? ? ? ? ? But ! Can be misused Deception Fear appeals Coercion Ingratiation Is the use of _____ ever ethically justifiable and, if so, under what conditions or circumstances? The motives color the means ‘Good’ Motive or End ategy or Means ‘Evil’ Motive or End Use of deception Trying to conceal a birthday Trying to swindle an elderly party from the person in person out of his or her life whose honor the party is savings being given Use of fear appeals Trying to convince a child never to accept a ride from a stranger Threatening to demote an employee for refusing a superior’s sexual advances Use of ingratiation Trying to cheer up a friend who is depressed about a grade on a test Lavishing attention on a dying relative in an effort to inherit money from the relative Copyright © 2011, 2007, 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Ethical approaches ? Ends v.s. means ? ? Consequentialism ? ? ? You have moral obligations despite of the outcome Amoralism (Machiavellianism) ? ? ? Weight the pro and cons of your actions Actions that produces the greatest balance of good over bad are ethical Deontological systems- duty ethics ? ? Is the method of influence justified by the outcome? Do it if you can get away with it (laws, social ostracism) Decisions are based on your self-interest Situational ethics (relativism) ? There are no moral absolutes, no ethical maxims. It’ll depend on the situation. Ethical approaches (cont.) ? Universalism ? ? Egalitarianism (the Golden rule) ? ? ? — let the buyer beware Little or no restraint on persuasive messages Receivers are responsible for critically evaluating messages Utilitarianism ? ? Treat others as they would treat themselves Free market ethics ? ? Treat others as you would have them treat you The Platinum Rule ? ? There are universal laws for everyone. Certain universal human right must be honored. The greatest good for the greatest number of people Virtue ethics ? Based on personal character (What kind of person do I want to be?) Ethical Persuasion Is based upon: ? Respect ? ? Reaffirm the other person’s sense of self-worth Equality and reciprocity Equal status in the persuasive communication ? Do not call list: https://www.donotcall.gov/default.aspx ? ? Tolerance ? Patience and openness to other’s points of view Vulnerable audiences ? ? ? ? ? Children Patients with terminal illnesses Elderly citizens New immigrants, non-English speakers Low income people How can you make sure you’re being ethical when attempting to persuade highly vulnerable audiences? Deception Honesty is the best policy. A. Strongly agree B. Moderately agree. C. Neither agree nor disagree D. Moderately disagree E. Strongly disagree ? Seiter, Bruschke, and Bai (2002) asked to rate the acceptability of lies in China and US ? ? Selfish benefits v.s. benefits to others Ethics and Threats ? When you were growing up, how often your parents used threats of punishment to make you comply? A. On a regular basis B. Sometimes C. Once and it was enough D. Never Use of Threats ? ? ? ? ? ? May create a state of psychological distress Promotes status differences, inequality May damage and destroy the relationship Can trigger aggression Must be carried out from time to time Teaching others to rely on threats Ethics and Fear appeals ? ? ? ? Is it ethical to promote a ‘culture of fear’? A. Yes B. No C. May be How to use Fear appeals ethically ? ? ? Only if the hazards are genuine Use specific recommendations on how to cope with the dangers Use recommendations on what people should do (perceived efficacy) Purchase answer to see full attachment Tags: utilitarianism Ethical Approach Quick weight loss product print media sources weight loss advertisements User generated content is uploaded by users for the purposes of learning and should be used following our company’shonor code & terms of service.

MLA In-Text Citations: The Basics

Guidelines for referring to the works of others in your text using MLA style are covered throughout the MLA Handbook and in chapter 7 of the MLA Style Manual. Both books provide extensive examples, so it’s a good idea to consult them if you want to become even more familiar with MLA guidelines or if you have a particular reference question.

BASIC IN-TEXT CITATION RULES

In MLA Style, referring to the works of others in your text is done using parenthetical citations. This method involves providing relevant source information in parentheses whenever a sentence uses a quotation or paraphrase. Usually, the simplest way to do this is to put all of the source information in parentheses at the end of the sentence (i.e., just before the period). However, as the examples below will illustrate, there are situations where it makes sense to put the parenthetical elsewhere in the sentence, or even to leave information out.

General Guidelines

• The source information required in a parenthetical citation depends (1) upon the source medium (e.g. print, web, DVD) and (2) upon the source’s entry on the Works Cited page.
• Any source information that you provide in-text must correspond to the source information on the Works Cited page. More specifically, whatever signal word or phrase you provide to your readers in the text must be the first thing that appears on the left-hand margin of the corresponding entry on the Works Cited page.

IN-TEXT CITATIONS: AUTHOR-PAGE STYLE

MLA format follows the author-page method of in-text citation. This means that the author’s last name and the page number(s) from which the quotation or paraphrase is taken must appear in the text, and a complete reference should appear on your Works Cited page. The author’s name may appear either in the sentence itself or in parentheses following the quotation or paraphrase, but the page number(s) should always appear in the parentheses, not in the text of your sentence. For example:

Wordsworth stated that Romantic poetry was marked by a “spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings” (263).

Romantic poetry is characterized by the “spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings” (Wordsworth 263).

Wordsworth extensively explored the role of emotion in the creative process (263).

Both citations in the examples above, (263) and (Wordsworth 263), tell readers that the information in the sentence can be located on page 263 of a work by an author named Wordsworth. If readers want more information about this source, they can turn to the Works Cited page, where, under the name of Wordsworth, they would find the following information:

Wordsworth, William. Lyrical Ballads. Oxford UP, 1967.

IN-TEXT CITATIONS FOR PRINT SOURCES WITH KNOWN AUTHOR

For print sources like books, magazines, scholarly journal articles, and newspapers, provide a signal word or phrase (usually the author’s last name) and a page number. If you provide the signal word/phrase in the sentence, you do not need to include it in the parenthetical citation.

Human beings have been described by Kenneth Burke as “symbol-using animals” (3).

Human beings have been described as “symbol-using animals” (Burke 3).

These examples must correspond to an entry that begins with Burke, which will be the first thing that appears on the left-hand margin of an entry on the Works Cited page:

Burke, Kenneth. Language as Symbolic Action: Essays on Life, Literature, and Method. University of California Press, 1966.