1.Read the Harvard Business Review excerpt from an article about what CEOs find challenging with their board of directors: The most surprising criticism we heard is that directors too often put self-interest and selfpreservation ahead of shareholder interests. One CEO told us, ‘They like their board seats—it gives them some prestige. They can be reluctant to consider recapitalization, going private, or merging—’Don’t you know, we might lose our board positions!’ I have been shocked by board members’ saying, ‘That would be an interesting thing to do, but what about us?” Another CEO recalled, ‘In one situation, we had a merger not go through because of who was going to get what number of board seats.’ He shook his head. ‘It is still the most astounding conversation of my life.’ William Lauder, the chairman of Estée Lauder, cautions that when a company is facing a big decision, it may be wise to give directors extra time to conduct due diligence and to deliberate. ‘With key decisions, we’re not going to present an idea and ask for resolution in the same cycle,’ he says. ‘We’ll let the board know our thoughts and allow for conversation and discussion.’ The decision might be made at the following board meeting—’or maybe the issue gets deferred until our next meeting, and we discuss it again.’ Part A: Go to your notes/readings about conflict management. Which conflict management strategy do the members of the board of directors use when handling challenging situations? What type of conflict management strategy do you think the CEOs would prefer based on this excerpt? Part B: What are the three types of group conflict (define them)? What type of group conflict is the CEO of Estée Lauder attempting to avoid when the company faces a big decision? Explain your answer. Part C: List one of the conflict strategies that leads to a lose-lose outcome. Explain why the outcome is generally lose-lose for the group. 2.Part A: List two benefits and two drawbacks of having meetings. Based on your reading for this unit, what is one way to avoid these drawbacks? Part B: According to the Shapira reading, when should you speak up and hold back during meetings? According to your reading on virtual teams: 3.1. How does technology lead to miscommunication in virtual teams? Also, provide one example from your own experience that reveals how technology affects teams. 2. What factors should be considered when selecting the right technologies for teams? Also, match three communication technologies with three types of tasks/behaviors. View keyboard shortcuts EditViewInsertFormatToolsTable 12pt Paragraph 4.Define group culture. Why is it that when a group forms and has not generated a group culture, members feel primary tension? 5.Read the excerpt from a 2019 Time article (Links to an external site.) on the G7 Summit, a group of nations that meets to discuss world issues. Then, answer the questions. Heads of state are meeting on Saturday for a two-day summit in the southern French city of Biarritz. President Emmanuel Macron is this year’s host and wants the meeting to focus on fighting inequality and protecting biodiversity and climate (Links to an external site.). What does G7 stand for? G7 stands for ‘Group of Seven’ industrialized nations. It used to be known as the G8 (Group of Eight) until 2014 when Russia was excluded because of its annexation of Crimea from Ukraine. Why was G7 created? The G7 was created more than four decades ago as an annual gathering of political leaders to discuss and exchange ideas on a broad range of issues, including global economy, security and energy. France, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom, the United States and West Germany formed the Group of Six (Links to an external site.) in 1975 so that the noncommunist powers could come together to discuss economic concerns, which at the time included inflation and recession following an OPEC oil embargo (Links to an external site.). Canada joined the following year. Russia eventually joined in 1998 — and its inclusion was meant as a signal of cooperation between East and West after the Soviet Union’s collapse in 1991. The G7 is an informal bloc and takes no mandatory decisions, so the leaders’ declarations at the end of the summit are not binding. Why was Russia kicked out of the G8? Russia was kicked out of the then G8 (Links to an external site.) in 2014 after it annexed Crimea from Ukraine, which was seen by leaders as a ‘violation of Ukraine’s sovereignty and territorial integrity’ (Links to an external site.). President Barack Obama and other world leaders announced in a joint statement, titled The Hague Declaration (Links to an external site.), in March 2014 that they would cancel that year’s planned meeting in Sochi, Russia. ‘Under these circumstances, we will not participate in the planned Sochi summit,’ the statement said. ‘We will suspend our participation in the G8 until Russia changes course and the environment comes back to where the G8 is able to have a meaningful discussion.’ Speaking to reporters at the White House on Tuesday, a few days before his departure for the summit, Donald Trump (Links to an external site.) said Russia should be allowed to re-join the G7 group. (Links to an external site.) ‘I think it’s much more appropriate to have Russia in. It should be the G8 because a lot of the things we talk about have to do with Russia,’ he said. Next year it will be the turn of the United States to host the G7. Part A: Using what you learned about group development from the lecture/readings, pick a unitary sequence model and answer this question: what phase or stage did the G7 undergo when Russia was removed from the group? Part B: Using a multiple sequence perspective, describe a type of breakpoint that exists for this group (using the excerpt). Part C: Given our discussion of group attraction, what type of attraction seems to be most important for these countries’ participation in the G7 Summit? Purchase answer to see full attachment Tags: West Coast University avoidance style handling conflicts strategy for resolving conflicts types of group conflicts Student has agreed that all tutoring, explanations, and answers provided by the tutor will be used to help in the learning process and in accordance with our company’shonor code & terms of service.

MLA In-Text Citations: The Basics

Guidelines for referring to the works of others in your text using MLA style are covered throughout the MLA Handbook and in chapter 7 of the MLA Style Manual. Both books provide extensive examples, so it’s a good idea to consult them if you want to become even more familiar with MLA guidelines or if you have a particular reference question.

BASIC IN-TEXT CITATION RULES

In MLA Style, referring to the works of others in your text is done using parenthetical citations. This method involves providing relevant source information in parentheses whenever a sentence uses a quotation or paraphrase. Usually, the simplest way to do this is to put all of the source information in parentheses at the end of the sentence (i.e., just before the period). However, as the examples below will illustrate, there are situations where it makes sense to put the parenthetical elsewhere in the sentence, or even to leave information out.

General Guidelines

• The source information required in a parenthetical citation depends (1) upon the source medium (e.g. print, web, DVD) and (2) upon the source’s entry on the Works Cited page.
• Any source information that you provide in-text must correspond to the source information on the Works Cited page. More specifically, whatever signal word or phrase you provide to your readers in the text must be the first thing that appears on the left-hand margin of the corresponding entry on the Works Cited page.

IN-TEXT CITATIONS: AUTHOR-PAGE STYLE

MLA format follows the author-page method of in-text citation. This means that the author’s last name and the page number(s) from which the quotation or paraphrase is taken must appear in the text, and a complete reference should appear on your Works Cited page. The author’s name may appear either in the sentence itself or in parentheses following the quotation or paraphrase, but the page number(s) should always appear in the parentheses, not in the text of your sentence. For example:

Wordsworth stated that Romantic poetry was marked by a “spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings” (263).

Romantic poetry is characterized by the “spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings” (Wordsworth 263).

Wordsworth extensively explored the role of emotion in the creative process (263).

Both citations in the examples above, (263) and (Wordsworth 263), tell readers that the information in the sentence can be located on page 263 of a work by an author named Wordsworth. If readers want more information about this source, they can turn to the Works Cited page, where, under the name of Wordsworth, they would find the following information:

Wordsworth, William. Lyrical Ballads. Oxford UP, 1967.

IN-TEXT CITATIONS FOR PRINT SOURCES WITH KNOWN AUTHOR

For print sources like books, magazines, scholarly journal articles, and newspapers, provide a signal word or phrase (usually the author’s last name) and a page number. If you provide the signal word/phrase in the sentence, you do not need to include it in the parenthetical citation.

Human beings have been described by Kenneth Burke as “symbol-using animals” (3).

Human beings have been described as “symbol-using animals” (Burke 3).

These examples must correspond to an entry that begins with Burke, which will be the first thing that appears on the left-hand margin of an entry on the Works Cited page:

Burke, Kenneth. Language as Symbolic Action: Essays on Life, Literature, and Method. University of California Press, 1966.