This week’s news protocol focuses on identifying horse-race coverage in the context of COVID-19. Find FIVE examples of news stories or video clips related to COVID-19 that discuss the pandemic in terms of political winners and losers. You may focus on the presidential election campaigns, party politics, or stories on the levels of local and state politics.  https://youtu.be/W-S-APu6570 5 clips related to political topics from comedy shows 1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DnpO_RTSNmQ One of the biggest political topics throughout all comedy shows the past 5-7 years has been about Donald Trump. In this John Oliver clip, he uses jokes and humorous comparisons to describe his actual concern of Donald Trump potentially becoming president of the United States (please note, this clip is from 5 years ago). While some may think Donald Trump jokes have been overused, this clip shows the very beginning of poking fun at him. This political comedy clip is fresh, new, and amusing. While John Oliver gets laughs from the audience after everything he says, he is still reporting news. He provides data and information from several sources: interviews, articles, social media accounts, etc. Donald Trump jokes are very amusing, even to this day. Most politicians can take a joke and move on, but this politician has had a hard time taking each joke with a grain of salt. In this clip, John Oliver even shows a clip from an interview with Donald Trump discussing a ‘Twitter feud’ between him and John Oliver himself. This, in turn (as we have witnessed) causes more comedy show hosts to poke fun at Donald Trump because he will fight back, give traction to the comedy show, and most likely make Donald Trump look bad. John Oliver goes on in this clip to debunk certain things Trump supporters may have said about him. While John Oliver does not outright say, ‘Do not vote for Donald Trump,’ he insinuates this more than a few times. Whether the audience and viewers know this or not, John Oliver’s words are affecting their mindsets and overall impression of Donald Trump. This is the biggest effect of most political comedy clips/skits: the hidden meaning and overall influence. 2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VuEu3YfxKhw In a large contrast to the previous clip, this clip pokes fun at Donald Trump’s opponent from the 2020 presidential election: Joe Biden. This SNL (Saturday Night Live) clip from a month ago shows what a message/press conference from Joe Biden would look like. SNL is different from all other comedy shows because it comes from the perspective and viewpoint of the subject. For example, the actors/actresses and comedians on SNL portray public figures that are usually in the media light at the moment. In this clip, SNL writers make fun of Joe Biden’s simpleness, lack of knowledge on certain things, his thoughts on COVID, and more. SNL took a very easy approach in this clip by bringing the public’s view on Joe Biden to life. Many people throughout the media and the public do not see Joe Biden as the smartest man and think of him as older who is ‘not all the way there’ mentally. SNL plays on this by hyperbolizing the lack of knowledge Joe Biden’s character has. Of course, the real Joe Biden does not actually blame the Spider Man movie for the spread of the Omicron variant. I believe SNL, specifically this clip, over exaggerates certain things about political figures to make the skits funnier, but this has a deeper effect on the audience than they first may think. As SNL continues to make skits, poking fun at Joe Biden’s intelligence, it will continue to shift the audience’s mindset and overall opinion on Joe Biden. 3. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FoOQvNfNlMo There are many news shows that are still considered comedic, but only surrounding specific details of the news. In this clip from ‘The Daily Show with Trevor Noah,’ he is reporting real news, without really twisting the story at all. Instead, he pokes fun at little details within the news stories. For example, in this clip Trevor Noah shows an interview with Joe Biden speaking over a helicopter. Instead of making fun of Joe Biden or the topics mentioned, he chooses to make a joke about Joe Biden speaking over the helicopter in the background. ‘They’re wasting fuel… don’t [start it up] until he gets on.’ While this is still considered comedy, it is not aimed at anyone or anything specific; he tends to pick the smallest, most random things in the news show to make fun of. Trevor Noah is still reporting important news but presenting it in a way that lightens the overall mood. Of course, Trevor Noah still has a specific point of view that he represents on his show, but compared to the other two sources above, this is the most unbiased and serious so far. 4. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=01ZqJR5TMDQ Like the prior clip, this clip does not attack a specific political figure, but rather reports news including funny jabs at specific groups of people. In this clip from a couple days ago, Stephen Colbert announces that Black History Month is upon us. He makes a small joke about Republicans not wanting this month to begin, then continues to discuss news on Black History Month and American racism. Stephen Colbert takes a very sensitive and serious subject in America and puts a lighter, funny spin on it. As the clip goes on, Colbert shows his political views and opinions more as he pokes fun at the Republican party while only reporting the news aspects of the Democratic party. This detail could be unnoticeable to the general audience at times. Colbert does a very good job at disguising little jokes throughout this clip that are solely aimed at the Republican party. Colbert makes small jokes that are not specifically directed at the Republican party but tends to touch upon specific details of the party. For example, the vocabulary used by the Republican party, instead of their specific views. He presents a quote made by the Republican party of a specific state that had the words ‘divisive subjects’ describing teachers. Colbert did not directly make fun of the political party; instead, he made a joke of connecting that quote to the mathematical operation, division. Just like the other clips, this puts a lighter spin on a very serious topic: teaching critical race theory in American schools. 5. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E4S_EzS944U There are some topics that have become political and debatable due to our media and internet access. At the beginning of this clip, Jimmy Kimmel touches upon individuals protesting mandates regarding face masks protecting people from COVID. As the two previous clips have done, this clip makes fun of the little details of the news coverage. Instead of stating something like, ‘this huge group of people will most likely get COVID and hurt their health,’ he described the protest with a group of people as, ‘Covid-cella’ as a play on words of ‘Coachella.’ In this clip, Jimmy Kimmel shows his views in a way that Trevor Noah does: by reporting factual news along with poking fun at smaller details of the story. For example, he showed a clip of the speaker at the protest stating he is not a doctor. Jimmy Kimmel stopped the clip right there and made a joke about where they found this guy. His opinions and political views are being shown throughout this clip, but in much more subtle ways. Jimmy Kimmel does a great job at joking about things that should be common sense in his mind (i.e. mask mandates). Before this much access and input into the media, would health mandates even be up for debate? While the media and talk shows are entertaining, they are also extremely powerful. Every single person seems to have an opinion and a viewpoint on everything. While this may seem like an issue, this is also what drives all the views, popularity, and money for these comedy shows — their biggest topic of each show is politics. Purchase answer to see full attachment Explanation & Answer: 2 pages Tags: social empathy local and state politics COVID19 pandemic User generated content is uploaded by users for the purposes of learning and should be used following Studypool’s honor code & terms of service.

MLA In-Text Citations: The Basics

Guidelines for referring to the works of others in your text using MLA style are covered throughout the MLA Handbook and in chapter 7 of the MLA Style Manual. Both books provide extensive examples, so it’s a good idea to consult them if you want to become even more familiar with MLA guidelines or if you have a particular reference question.

BASIC IN-TEXT CITATION RULES

In MLA Style, referring to the works of others in your text is done using parenthetical citations. This method involves providing relevant source information in parentheses whenever a sentence uses a quotation or paraphrase. Usually, the simplest way to do this is to put all of the source information in parentheses at the end of the sentence (i.e., just before the period). However, as the examples below will illustrate, there are situations where it makes sense to put the parenthetical elsewhere in the sentence, or even to leave information out.

General Guidelines

• The source information required in a parenthetical citation depends (1) upon the source medium (e.g. print, web, DVD) and (2) upon the source’s entry on the Works Cited page.
• Any source information that you provide in-text must correspond to the source information on the Works Cited page. More specifically, whatever signal word or phrase you provide to your readers in the text must be the first thing that appears on the left-hand margin of the corresponding entry on the Works Cited page.

IN-TEXT CITATIONS: AUTHOR-PAGE STYLE

MLA format follows the author-page method of in-text citation. This means that the author’s last name and the page number(s) from which the quotation or paraphrase is taken must appear in the text, and a complete reference should appear on your Works Cited page. The author’s name may appear either in the sentence itself or in parentheses following the quotation or paraphrase, but the page number(s) should always appear in the parentheses, not in the text of your sentence. For example:

Wordsworth stated that Romantic poetry was marked by a “spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings” (263).

Romantic poetry is characterized by the “spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings” (Wordsworth 263).

Wordsworth extensively explored the role of emotion in the creative process (263).

Both citations in the examples above, (263) and (Wordsworth 263), tell readers that the information in the sentence can be located on page 263 of a work by an author named Wordsworth. If readers want more information about this source, they can turn to the Works Cited page, where, under the name of Wordsworth, they would find the following information:

Wordsworth, William. Lyrical Ballads. Oxford UP, 1967.

IN-TEXT CITATIONS FOR PRINT SOURCES WITH KNOWN AUTHOR

For print sources like books, magazines, scholarly journal articles, and newspapers, provide a signal word or phrase (usually the author’s last name) and a page number. If you provide the signal word/phrase in the sentence, you do not need to include it in the parenthetical citation.

Human beings have been described by Kenneth Burke as “symbol-using animals” (3).

Human beings have been described as “symbol-using animals” (Burke 3).

These examples must correspond to an entry that begins with Burke, which will be the first thing that appears on the left-hand margin of an entry on the Works Cited page:

Burke, Kenneth. Language as Symbolic Action: Essays on Life, Literature, and Method. University of California Press, 1966.