This exam is an open-book essay exam and there is no time limit. The point of this exam is to use the knowledge you have gained and put that information into a context that helps you better understand the events from your readings. Each of the questions is related to the expansion of culture and religion from 1800 to the present day. To complete this exam, submit your responses in Microsoft Word or a similar word processing format that can be saved in Rich Text Format. Please name the document containing the required work using the following format: student number_exam number_your last name (e.g.,12345678_25014300_Jones).To ensure your submission can be accessed, format your document by clicking Save As,Other Formats, and Save as type: Rich Text Format. Then Upload that document using Take Exam. If you cannot do so, You must print and mail your exam for evaluation.Best of success!Part 1: Short AnswerAnswer each question in this section. Each answer is worth 5 points for a total of 50 points. Do not skip any of the questions; each of the responses you provide will help you respond to the essay that comes in Part 2.1. How did the Meiji Restoration modernize Japan?2. What is the concept of manifest destiny?3. What event propelled African independence movements?4. What is apartheid?5. Why did the Allies win World War II?6. What explains the dominant role that theIsraeli/Palestinian issue has played in Middle Eastern politics since 1945?7. What were the causes of the Cold War?8. What role did Gandhi play in Indian independence?9. Who were the Asian economic tigers?10. What happened in Tiananmen Square in 1989?Part 2: EssayFor this section, write a minimum of two complete paragraphs to earn the 50 points available. The information you gained from answering the short answers in Part A should be helpful to you in this essay. In addition, note the word bank of terms below. You’ll receive 10 points for your answer to the overall questions and 5 points each for including the significance of the following termsIn your essay:1. Treaty of Versailles2. Re-drawing the map of Europe and the Middle East3. Reparations payments4. Adolf Hitler5. WeimarRepublic6. Vladimir Lenin and the Bolsheviks7. Appeasement8. TotalitarianismEssay Question: Your textbook claims that anyone seeking to understand the origins of modern world conflicts must begin with World War I. How did the measures taken by global powers to reestablish peace and stability after World War I directly lead to the outbreak of World War II? Part 1: Short AnswerAnswer each question in this section. Each answer is worth 5 points for a total of 50 points. Do not skip any of the questions; each of the responses you provide will help you respond to the essay that comes in Part 2.1. Describe the voyages of Zheng He. How did he contribute to the spread of Chinese culture?2. Why was Louis XIV of France the model for absolutism?3. Why was Timbuktu such an important center of West African trade?4. What was the importance of coffee houses in Islamic society?5. How were non-Muslims treated under Islamic law?6. What liberal principals were asserted when theDeclaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen wasproclaimed by the French National Assembly?7. What are the three reasons why the Industrial Revolution began in Great Britain?8. What is meant by the concept of separate spheres?9. What is nationalism and what impact did it have on the Habsburg’s Austrian Empire?10. Who are the bourgeoisie and proletariat in Marxist ideology?Part 2: EssayFor this section, write a minimum of two complete paragraphs to earn the 50 points available. The information you gained from answering the short answers in Part A should be helpful to you in this essay. In addition, note the word bank of terms below. You’ll receive 10 points for your answer to the overall questions and 5 points each for including the significance of the following termsIn your essay:1. Henry the Navigator2. Spice trade3. Caravel4. Columbian Exchange5. Middle Passage6. Mercantilism in reference to colonization7. The Scramble for Africa8. QuinineEssay Question: Why does modern history begin with the Age of Discovery (1450-1650)? What changes did the era of European exploration and expansion bring about? How did this early era of exploration and expansion differ from the later New Imperialism?