Literature Review for a Research paper on HOW DO GEN ZS INSTAGRAM USERS SELF ESTEEM RELATE TO AUDIENCE FEEDBACK ‘It’s Just a Lot of Work’: Adolescents’ Self-Presentation Norms and Practices on Facebook and Instagram by Joanna C. Yau and Stephanie M. Reich 2019Key Findings: Teens purposefully share content to appear: InterestingWell-likedAttractiveSelf-presentation and belonging on Facebook: How personality influences social media use and motivations Gwendolyn Seidman Study examines the relationship between the Big Five and the use of Facebook to fulfill belonging and self-presentational needs.Erikson, 1959: a key developmental need in adolescence is the development of a stable and consistent sense of self Elkind, 1967: imaginary audience Goffman, 1959: Conceptualized self-presentation as an ongoing process of information management between the expressions provided by the individuals and the expressions given off while given off are nonverbal and presumably unintentional. Katz et al., 1974: Uses and Gratifications Theory posits that individuals actively choose and use traditional media, and that this choice is based on how the use of the media gratifies their needsFive-Factor Model by Funder, 2000 and McCrae 1997  Research Milestone #1 Literature Review The literature review assignment has three parts: (1) self-reflection, (2) literature review, and (3) references. The requirements for each element are outlined below. Self-Reflection Instructions 2 to 3 pages 45 points In this self-reflection, you should reflect on your learning in this assignment and offer an action plan for how to meet the learning objectives of this assignment. This part of the assignment should be written in essay format. A. Learning Objectives (20 pts): Reflect on (1) which of the following learning objectives you achieved and (2) which learning objectives continue to need improvement. Reflect on why you achieve or did not achieve each of the learning objectives for this assignment. Learning Objective 1: Students will learn to find social scientific research about communication. Learning Objective 2: Students will comprehend the current state of research on their selected research topic. Learning Objective 3: Students will learn to summarize and evaluate academic research. Learning Objective 4: Students will learn to develop an argument about their research project that is informed by previous academic research on the topic. Learning Objective 5: Students will learn how to develop a research question or hypothesis based on previous research. B. Feedback (10 pts): What part of this assignment do you need the most feedback to be more successful on the next draft of your paper? What is preventing you from achieving all of the learning objectives? What parts of the assignment remain unclear to you? How can we help you? Use this space to converse with the instructors on how to best support your development on this assignment. C. Action Plan (15 pts): Develop an action plan on how to achieve the learning objectives that continue to need improvement. This action plan should include concrete steps that you need to take to achieve each learning outcome in the final research paper. Literature Review Instructions 5 to 6 pages, excluding references 45 points This assignment is a literature review on your research topic and research question. The goal of a literature review is to summarize the current state of research on a topic and identify a research gap. In other words, you identify what we know about your topic and what we do not know yet. This literature should include (1) introduction, (2) review of research, and (3) hypothesis or research question. You need to provide at least 10 academic citations, likely more, in APA 7th edition format. In total, this assignment should be about 5 to 6 pages long in APA formatting. A. Introduction (20 pts): The introduction of your assignment should provide motivation for the project, articulate the research problem you have identified, offer a compelling reason for studying this communication behavior, and a thesis statement. The last paragraph should clearly state your intention and thesis (e.g., ‘In this project, we aim’ or ‘The goals of this research are threefold:..’). The thesis statement should summarize the argument you will make in the paper, based on what you have learned from the current state of academic research as well as the contribution of your research project. The introduction should be approximately 1 to 1.5 pages. The introduction should include the following: a. Statement of problem and importance of topic b. Provide the broad research question of the project c. Declare the overall goals for this research project d. Provide an thesis about your research topic B. Literature Review (25 pts): The literature review should provide a theoretical framework for your paper, define key concepts (e.g., extraversion, toxic masculinity, political ideology, etc.) , provide a review of previous research on this topic, synthesize previous research into a hypothesis or research question. You should complete the literature review in 4 to 5 pages. Students should use in-text citations when appropriate, and students should avoid quoting research articles. There are two ways of doing in-text citations: (1) Last Name and Last Name (Year) or (2) (Last Name & Last Name, Year). Do not include the title of the article or journal as part of the in-text citation. The focus on the literature review should be what the study found, not on the literature review of setting up the study. The literature review should include the following elements: a. Provide a theoretical framework for understanding the communication behavior you are investigating in your research project b. Provide conceptual definitions of key concepts you will investigate in this project c. Summarize and evaluate the findings of at least 10 academic journal articles about your research problem e. Integrate 10 academic journal articles together to establish a research gap about your research problem for your research project to address f. Generate a hypothesis based on the literature reviewed References Instructions 10 points At the end of their paper, students should list at least 10 credible academic journal articles that were cited in-text in their literature review. Do not include non-academic articles or articles that were not cited. All references should be in APA 7th edition, and references do not count towards the page limit. You should avoid including critical cultural and rhetoric papers because these are from a different paradigm of research that we do not cover in this course. Please refer to APA Reference List: Articles in Periodicals (Purdue OWL) for more information: Example APA Citations: Taylor, S. H., Ledbetter, A. M., & Mazer, J. P. (2020). Initial specification and empirical test of media enjoyment theory. Communication Research, 47(8), 1426-1271. https://doi.org/10.1177/0093650217741029 Taylor, S. H., & Bazarova, N. N. (2018). Revisiting media multiplexity: A longitudinal test of media use in romantic relationships. Journal of Communication, 68(6), 1104-1126. https://doi.org/10.1093/joc/jqy055 Checklist before submitting ? Paper starts with a communication problem ? Thesis statement within the introductory section ? A theoretical framework is used to understand the problem ? All key concepts in research question or hypothesis are explicitly defined ? Gaps in research or open questions are stated ? Review of literature focuses on the results (at least) 10 different academic studies ? Previous research is summarized in your own words ? All paragraphs have a topic sentence ? All sections end with a transition statement or concluding thoughts ? Each article that is reviewed is discussed in connection to one another ? ? ? ? ? No more than 1 short quotation from previous research Redundant topics are removed Topics that do not directly connect with RQ/Hypothesis are removed Research question or hypothesis is stated explicitly at the end of the literature review Check for plagiarism with SafeAssign Literature Review Outline Sample I. Introduction a. Describe the topic that you have been investigating, why it is important to the field b. Give a ‘big picture’ of the literature. c. Present a thesis or argument statement – why is it important to explore this topic? 1-1.5 pages 1 II. Theme A’-USes and gratification a. Overview of characteristics of the theme (commonalities, differences, nuances) b. Sub-theme – narrow but grouped findings related to the theme i. Study 1 (Research question(s), Methods/Participants, Related Findings) ‘In a qualitative study examining Latino high school students, Campos (2016) found that the participants had unique academic experiences due to their location in a suburban neighborhood. Using in-depth interviews, Campos determined that….” ii. Study 2 (Research question(s), Methods/Participants, Related Findings) In a similar study with African American high school students, Sung (2015) identified three key factors that impacted students’academic experiences in rural settings, which are….. Sung surveyed students across three different high schools, which may partially explain differences in responses…. iii. Study 3 (Research question(s), Methods/Participants, Related Findings) iv. Do these studies share commonalities? How do these studies differ? Discuss c. Sub-theme narrow but grouped findings related to the theme i. Study 4 (Research question(s), Methods/Participants, Related Findings) ii. Study 5 (Research question(s), Methods/Participants, Related Findings) iii. Study 6 (Research question(s), Methods/Participants, Related Findings) iv. Do these studies share commonalities? How do these studies differ? Discuss d. Etc., etc., etc. with other findings that fit Theme A; studies can be repeated if there are multiple findings that fit under more than one theme. However, no need to re-write methods/participants in detail (just enough to remind the reader about the study). III. Theme B – follow a, b, c, and so on from above IV. Keep repeating with themes V. Conclusion: An evaluation/critique of the existing literature. a. What are the contributions of this literature to the field? b. Return to your thesis statement c. What are the overall strengths? d. What are the overall weaknesses? e. What might be missing? f. What are some next steps for research? The next steps should explicitly address how to ‘correct’ for strengths, weaknesses, and gaps. as subconscious. (Level 4) Purchase answer to see full attachment Explanation & Answer: 5 pages Tags: social norms gratifications theory Instagram Users Instagram Educational Pages dyadic peer relationships User generated content is uploaded by users for the purposes of learning and should be used following Studypool’s honor code & terms of service.

MLA In-Text Citations: The Basics

Guidelines for referring to the works of others in your text using MLA style are covered throughout the MLA Handbook and in chapter 7 of the MLA Style Manual. Both books provide extensive examples, so it’s a good idea to consult them if you want to become even more familiar with MLA guidelines or if you have a particular reference question.

BASIC IN-TEXT CITATION RULES

In MLA Style, referring to the works of others in your text is done using parenthetical citations. This method involves providing relevant source information in parentheses whenever a sentence uses a quotation or paraphrase. Usually, the simplest way to do this is to put all of the source information in parentheses at the end of the sentence (i.e., just before the period). However, as the examples below will illustrate, there are situations where it makes sense to put the parenthetical elsewhere in the sentence, or even to leave information out.

General Guidelines

• The source information required in a parenthetical citation depends (1) upon the source medium (e.g. print, web, DVD) and (2) upon the source’s entry on the Works Cited page.
• Any source information that you provide in-text must correspond to the source information on the Works Cited page. More specifically, whatever signal word or phrase you provide to your readers in the text must be the first thing that appears on the left-hand margin of the corresponding entry on the Works Cited page.

IN-TEXT CITATIONS: AUTHOR-PAGE STYLE

MLA format follows the author-page method of in-text citation. This means that the author’s last name and the page number(s) from which the quotation or paraphrase is taken must appear in the text, and a complete reference should appear on your Works Cited page. The author’s name may appear either in the sentence itself or in parentheses following the quotation or paraphrase, but the page number(s) should always appear in the parentheses, not in the text of your sentence. For example:

Wordsworth stated that Romantic poetry was marked by a “spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings” (263).

Romantic poetry is characterized by the “spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings” (Wordsworth 263).

Wordsworth extensively explored the role of emotion in the creative process (263).

Both citations in the examples above, (263) and (Wordsworth 263), tell readers that the information in the sentence can be located on page 263 of a work by an author named Wordsworth. If readers want more information about this source, they can turn to the Works Cited page, where, under the name of Wordsworth, they would find the following information:

Wordsworth, William. Lyrical Ballads. Oxford UP, 1967.

IN-TEXT CITATIONS FOR PRINT SOURCES WITH KNOWN AUTHOR

For print sources like books, magazines, scholarly journal articles, and newspapers, provide a signal word or phrase (usually the author’s last name) and a page number. If you provide the signal word/phrase in the sentence, you do not need to include it in the parenthetical citation.

Human beings have been described by Kenneth Burke as “symbol-using animals” (3).

Human beings have been described as “symbol-using animals” (Burke 3).

These examples must correspond to an entry that begins with Burke, which will be the first thing that appears on the left-hand margin of an entry on the Works Cited page:

Burke, Kenneth. Language as Symbolic Action: Essays on Life, Literature, and Method. University of California Press, 1966.